During those times when his wits were not fully about him, Ruskin would often say and do odd things in Coniston (and elsewhere). For lengthier discussions of pedophilia and examples of those meeting its criteria, cf. For this reason and because Ruskin is our subject, I use the male pronoun.ġ4. 2013 for definitions and traits mentioned in this paragraph, see 685-6.ġ3. I return to this vital issue of Joan’s interpretation of Ruskin’s interest in girls in Chapter Two.ġ2. For another “questionable” letter, one cited by Hilton, see Later Years: 436-7, and the discussion there. 47: the remaining quotations in this paragraph are on this page cf.
i.e., draw figures in the nude, a practice employed for millennia to ensure that the body is accurately rendered.ġ1. Greenaway had drawn at least one girl without a hat.ġ0. For this and the following Dickinson references, see 37-9 cf. As happened on more than one occasion at Winnington Hall, the girls’ school where Ruskin taught in the 1860s: Burd, Winnington: 500.Ĩ. Robson (9) does mention what is apparently the first psychiatric notice of the illness by Havelock Ellis in 1897, but she does not share that author’s definition.ħ. While (as noted) other biographers accept the allegation, they have made the case most assertively.Ħ. Going forward, Hilton and Robson will be my principal references for the argument that Ruskin was a pedophile. It has been my extensive experience that this same reaction occurs on the western side of the Atlantic.ĥ. Even more recently (10 August 2017), I received from a friend a link to an article celebrating Ruskin’s sense of taste and appreciation of handicraft work, reading, not far into it-almost as a “throw away” comment-this: Ruskin’s “susceptibility to visceral delights may be more surprising, less because of his aversion to other pleasures of the flesh (his five-year marriage to Effie Gray was notoriously unconsummated)” (Vane).Ĥ. To illustrate the persistence and cultural depth of this negative, almost Pavlovian, reaction to any reference to Ruskin’s sexuality, consider that the just-mentioned article by Barnes appeared in 2011. Ruskin’s letter, 115) analyzes in depth and to which I later return.ģ. A reference to Ruskin’s frequent tendency to refer to epistolary intimates (especially in letters sent his care-taker cousin, Joan Severn) in such terms (e.g., “Di Ma”-“Dear Mother”), a practice Dickinson (Ch. Salts, and, in the US, Sara Greenleaf, Michael Hunter, Dan Mulvey, and Deb Rasmussen, all of the latter being just some of the dedicated librarians at Hobart and William Smith Colleges in Geneva, New York.ġ. For research assistance, I wish to acknowledge, in the UK, Stephen Wildman and Michael J. My appreciation for yet more helpful remarks goes to Sara Atwood, James Dearden, Rachel Dickinson, Stuart Eagles, Jack Dash Harris, Tim Holton, Howard Hull, the late Diane Leonard, Gabriel Meyer, and Han van den Blink. For other careful comments, I thank Robert Brownell. For their keen editorial eyes and useful comments on earlier iterations of this essay, my abiding thanks go to my wife and partner, Jennifer Morris, and my dear friend, Tim Rawson. The entire Library Edition can be found at (and downloaded from) Acknowledgementsįor taking the time to read this essay with care and for suggesting some very helpful revisions, as well as for devoting the hours required to transform these paragraphs into digital format, my grateful thanks go to Professor George Landow of Brown University, webmaster of The Victorian Web. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association, 2013.
#EFFIE GENERAL OR GREAT KNIGHT MANUAL#
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Links take you to material in the Victorian Web.Ībbreviations DSM-5. Blaming the Victim (The Impossibly High Bar)Ĭlicking on superscript numbers brings you to notes that will appear at the top of the left column or as a separate web document hitting the back button on your browser returns you to your place in the body of the main text.A Grave Misinterpretation, Two Conspiracies, Their Consequences.
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